# 概述

工欲善其事，必先利其器。在 Android 开发过程中，命令行工具的使用能极大提升开发效率。命令行不仅能帮助开发者快速调试、自动化流程，还能在开发过程中快速定位问题、进行批量操作等，本文将详细展开介绍。

# Log 过滤查询

日志分析时，我们时常需要将包含某个关键字的日志过滤出来，如果只是在一个文件里，使用文本编辑器都可以实现目的。但如果需要高级的查询条件，特别是待分析的日志散落在多个目录下，或者需要实时过滤 adb logcat -b all 的输出时，命令行时最简洁高效但。比如我们需要在多个日志文件里，将 “18:20: 任意多个字符 keyword1 & 18:21: 任意多个字符 keyword1 & keyword2” 的日志过滤高亮显示出来，如下命令即可。

egrep -irn --color '18:2[01]:.*keyword1|keyword2'

配合管道命令，就可以边操作，边实时过滤查看日志输出。代码怎么执行的，运行时逻辑大概一目了然。

adb logcat -b all | egrep -in --color 'keyword1|keyword2'

每个系统命令都可以在 terminal 通过 man 命令查询其 API，比如 egrep 输入 man egrep 获得其使用说明。

❤️ 正则表达式
❤️ 做开发总是要学会英语，阅读英文资料的，如何一年半载掌握英语阅读能力，见英语自学指南

# 文本替换

我们可以使用 sed 命令来替换所有 Log.d 为 Log.i：

find . -name "*.java" -exec sed -i 's/Log\.d/Log\.i/g' {} +

• find . -name "*.java"：查找所有 .java 文件。
• -exec：对找到的文件执行后面的命令。
• sed -i's/Log.d/Log.i/g'：在文件中替换 Log.d 为 Log.i，-i 表示直接修改文件。

# 查看当前 resume 的 Activity

adb shell dumpsys activity activities | egrep -in --color 'dumpsys activity activities' -A 100

日志输出如下：

1:ACTIVITY MANAGER ACTIVITIES (dumpsys activity activities)

2-Display #0 (activities from top to bottom):

3-  * Task{9cb2e7c #7568 type=standard A=10265:com.tencent.mm U=0 visible=true visibleRequested=true mode=fullscreen translucent=false sz=3}

4-    mLastPausedActivity: ActivityRecord{8d3b19b u0 com.tencent.mm/.plugin.offline.ui.WalletOfflineEntranceUI t-1 f}}

5-    mLastNonFullscreenBounds=Rect(276, 696 - 805, 1776)

6-    isSleeping=false

7-    topResumedActivity=ActivityRecord{3d295a u0 com.tencent.mm/.framework.app.UIPageFragmentActivity t7568}

8-    * Hist  #2: ActivityRecord{3d295a u0 com.tencent.mm/.framework.app.UIPageFragmentActivity t7568}

9-      packageName=com.tencent.mm processName=com.tencent.mm

10-      launchedFromUid=10265 launchedFromPackage=com.tencent.mm launchedFromFeature=null userId=0

11-      app=ProcessRecord{94fb2cb 29639:com.tencent.mm/u0a265}

12-      Intent { cmp=com.tencent.mm/.framework.app.UIPageFragmentActivity (has extras) }

13-      rootOfTask=false task=Task{9cb2e7c #7568 type=standard A=10265:com.tencent.mm}

14-      taskAffinity=10265:com.tencent.mm

15-      mActivityComponent=com.tencent.mm/.framework.app.UIPageFragmentActivity

53-    * Hist  #1: ActivityRecord{c7145cd u0 com.tencent.mm/.plugin.mall.ui.MallIndexUIv2 t7568}

54-      packageName=com.tencent.mm processName=com.tencent.mm

55-      launchedFromUid=10265 launchedFromPackage=com.tencent.mm launchedFromFeature=null userId=0

56-      app=ProcessRecord{94fb2cb 29639:com.tencent.mm/u0a265}

57-      Intent { flg=0x20000000 cmp=com.tencent.mm/.plugin.mall.ui.MallIndexUIv2 (has extras) }

58-      rootOfTask=false task=Task{9cb2e7c #7568 type=standard A=10265:com.tencent.mm}

59-      taskAffinity=10265:com.tencent.mm

60-      mActivityComponent=com.tencent.mm/.plugin.mall.ui.MallIndexUIv2

98-    * Hist  #0: ActivityRecord{f0316e7 u0 com.tencent.mm/.ui.LauncherUI t7568}

99-      packageName=com.tencent.mm processName=com.tencent.mm

100-      launchedFromUid=10265 launchedFromPackage=com.tencent.mm launchedFromFeature=null userId=0

101-      app=ProcessRecord{94fb2cb 29639:com.tencent.mm/u0a265}

# 查看当前 resume 的 Fragment

adb shell dumpsys activity top

更多 dumpsys 见链接和自行搜索。

# 查看 Activity 启动调度流程

adb logcat -b all | egrep -in --color 'am_|wm_|activitytask|displayed'

以桌面启动 wordcard 应用为例，日志输出：

41911:02-15 22:11:28.678  1622  4086 I wm_task_created: 7584

41915:02-15 22:11:28.686  1622  4086 I wm_task_moved: [7584,7584,0,1,9]

41916:02-15 22:11:28.686  1622  4086 I wm_task_to_front: [0,7584,0]

41917:02-15 22:11:28.687  1622  4086 I wm_create_task: [0,7584,7584,0]

41918:02-15 22:11:28.687  1622  4086 I wm_create_activity: [0,107658451,7584,com.maxim.wordcard.free/com.maxim.wordcard.MainActivity,android.intent.action.MAIN,NULL,NULL,270532608]

41919:02-15 22:11:28.687  1622  4086 I wm_task_moved: [7584,7584,0,1,9]

41921:02-15 22:11:28.689  1622  4086 I wm_pause_activity: [0,62924082,com.google.android.apps.nexuslauncher/.NexusLauncherActivity,userLeaving=true,pauseBackTasks]

41923:02-15 22:11:28.691  1622  4086 I ActivityTaskManager: START u0 {act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] flg=0x10200000 cmp=com.maxim.wordcard.free/com.maxim.wordcard.MainActivity bnds=[787,671][1034,986]} with LAUNCH_MULTIPLE from uid 10232 (BAL_ALLOW_ALLOWLISTED_COMPONENT) result code=0

41928:02-15 22:11:28.693  1622  1782 I am_uid_running: 10320

41929:02-15 22:11:28.693 27385 27385 I wm_on_top_resumed_lost_called: [62924082,com.google.android.apps.nexuslauncher.NexusLauncherActivity,topStateChangedWhenResumed]

41937:02-15 22:11:28.694 27385 27385 I wm_on_paused_called: [62924082,com.google.android.apps.nexuslauncher.NexusLauncherActivity,performPause,0]

41938:02-15 22:11:28.695  1622  4091 I wm_add_to_stopping: [0,62924082,com.google.android.apps.nexuslauncher/.NexusLauncherActivity,makeInvisible]

41945:02-15 22:11:28.711  1622  1809 I am_proc_start: [0,2035,10320,com.maxim.wordcard.free,next-top-activity,{com.maxim.wordcard.free/com.maxim.wordcard.MainActivity}]

41948:02-15 22:11:28.720  1622  1805 I am_pss  : [27027,10155,com.google.android.googlequicksearchbox:search,185773056,120262656,48736256,273444864,0,3,20]

41971:02-15 22:11:28.732  1622  4086 I am_proc_bound: [0,2035,com.maxim.wordcard.free]

41976:02-15 22:11:28.735  1622  4086 I am_uid_active: 10320

42055:02-15 22:11:28.871  1622  1965 I am_unfreeze: [27271,com.google.android.adservices.api,6]

42056:02-15 22:11:28.871  1622  4086 I am_uid_active: 10257

42081:02-15 22:11:28.935  1622  1965 I am_unfreeze: [23781,com.android.vending,6]

42092:02-15 22:11:28.969  1622  4091 I am_uid_active: 10174

42093:02-15 22:11:28.969  1622  1965 I am_unfreeze: [26122,com.google.android.webview:webview_service,6]

42100:02-15 22:11:28.986  1622  4091 I am_uid_running: 99529

42107:02-15 22:11:28.998  1622  1809 I am_proc_start: [0,2196,99529,com.google.android.webview:sandboxed_process0:org.chromium.content.app.SandboxedProcessService0:0,,{com.maxim.wordcard.free/org.chromium.content.app.SandboxedProcessService0:0}]

42118:02-15 22:11:29.013  1622  4086 I am_proc_bound: [0,2196,com.google.android.webview:sandboxed_process0:org.chromium.content.app.SandboxedProcessService0:0]

42123:02-15 22:11:29.028  1622  4086 I wm_restart_activity: [0,107658451,7584,com.maxim.wordcard.free/com.maxim.wordcard.MainActivity]

42124:02-15 22:11:29.029  1622  4086 I wm_set_resumed_activity: [0,com.maxim.wordcard.free/com.maxim.wordcard.MainActivity,minimalResumeActivityLocked - onActivityStateChanged]

42125:02-15 22:11:29.030  1622  4086 I am_uid_active: 99529

42151:02-15 22:11:29.158  2035  2035 I wm_on_create_called: [107658451,com.maxim.wordcard.MainActivity,performCreate,12]

42153:02-15 22:11:29.162  2035  2035 I wm_on_start_called: [107658451,com.maxim.wordcard.MainActivity,handleStartActivity,4]

42176:02-15 22:11:29.229  2035  2035 I wm_on_resume_called: [107658451,com.maxim.wordcard.MainActivity,RESUME_ACTIVITY,0]

42178:02-15 22:11:29.240  2035  2035 I wm_on_top_resumed_gained_called: [107658451,com.maxim.wordcard.MainActivity,topStateChangedWhenResumed]

42206:02-15 22:11:29.268  1622  1783 I wm_wallpaper_surface: [0,0,Window{277b556 u0 com.google.android.apps.nexuslauncher/com.google.android.apps.nexuslauncher.NexusLauncherActivity}]

42249:02-15 22:11:29.328  1622  1779 I wm_activity_launch_time: [0,107658451,com.maxim.wordcard.free/com.maxim.wordcard.MainActivity,661]

42250:02-15 22:11:29.328  1622  1779 I ActivityTaskManager: Displayed com.maxim.wordcard.free/com.maxim.wordcard.MainActivity for user 0: +661ms

• wm_task_created ： 创建 WordCard 所在的 Task。
• wm_create_activity： WMS 创建好 WordCard 的 MainActivity。
• wm_on_create_called： Activity 执行 onCreate 完成后，通知 WMS 生命周期回调完成。
• Displayed： 启动 com.maxim.wordcard.free 耗时 661ms。

# Activity 启动耗时

ActivityTaskManager: Displayed com.google.android.dialer/.extensions.GoogleDialtactsActivity for user 0: +514ms

# 安装 apk

adb install -r fileName.apk

• -b : Back up any existing files before overwriting them by renaming them to file.old. See -B for specifying a different backup suffix.

adb push fileName.apk remote

# 应用卸载

adb shell pm uninstall com.example.MyApp

# adb 启动 activity

Call activity manager

$ adb shell am start -n ｛包(package)名｝/｛包名｝.{活动(activity)名称}

如：启动浏览器

adb shell am start -n com.android.systemui/com.android.browser.BrowserActivity --ei x 1 --ei y 2

• ei : Intent 携带整型参数 x = 1 & y = 2.

携带启动参数见：Specification for intent arguments 一节

# adb 启动 service

$ adb shell am start service -n ｛包(package)名｝/｛包名｝.{服务(service)名称}

如：启动自己应用中一个 service

adb shell am startservice -n com.android.traffic/com.android.traffic.maniservice

携带启动参数见：Specification for intent arguments 一节

# adb 发送 broadcast

$ adb shell $ am broadcast -a <广播动作> 如：发送一个网络变化的广播

adb shell am broadcast -a android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE

携带启动参数见：Specification for intent arguments 一节

# 清空应用的文件，包含数据库和 SharePreference

Call package manager

adb shell pm clear package

# Copy files to and from a device

To copy a file or directory and its sub-directories from the device, do the following:

adb pull remote local

To copy a file or directory and its sub-directories to the device, do the following:

adb push local remote

Replace  local  and  remote  with the paths to the target files/directory on your development machine (local) and on the device (remote). For example:

adb push myfile.txt /sdcard/myfile.txt

示例：截屏

adb shell screencap -p /sdcard/screenshot.png

adb pull /sdcard/screenshot.png

• 第一条命令在设备上截屏并保存到 /sdcard/screenshot.png。
• 第二条命令将截屏文件从设备拉取到本地。

# Call package manager (pm)

Within an adb shell, you can issue commands with the package manager (pm) tool to perform actions and queries on app packages installed on the device.

While in a shell, the pm syntax is:

pm command

You can also issue a package manager command directly from adb without entering a remote shell. For example:

# Take a screenshot

The screencap command is a shell utility for taking a screenshot of a device display.

While in a shell, the screencap syntax is:

screencap filename

To use screencap from the command line, enter the following:

adb shell screencap /sdcard/screen.png

Here's an example screenshot session, using the adb shell to capture the screenshot and the pull command to download the file from the device:

$ adb shell

shell@ $ screencap /sdcard/screen.png

shell@ $ exit

$ adb pull /sdcard/screen.png

# Record a video

The screenrecord command is a shell utility for recording the display of devices running Android 4.4 (API level 19) and higher. The utility records screen activity to an MPEG-4 file. You can use this file to create promotional or training videos or for debugging and testing.

In a shell, use the following syntax:

screenrecord [options] filename

To use screenrecord from the command line, enter the following:

adb shell screenrecord /sdcard/demo.mp4

Stop the screen recording by pressing Control+C. Otherwise, the recording stops automatically at three minutes or the time limit set by --time-limit.

To begin recording your device screen, run the screenrecord command to record the video. Then, run the pull command to download the video from the device to the host computer. Here's an example recording session:

$ adb shell

shell@ $ screenrecord --verbose /sdcard/demo.mp4

(press Control + C to stop)

shell@ $ exit

$ adb pull /sdcard/demo.mp4

The screenrecord utility can record at any supported resolution and bit rate you request, while retaining the aspect ratio of the device display. The utility records at the native display resolution and orientation by default, with a maximum length of three minutes.

Limitations of the screenrecord utility:

• Audio is not recorded with the video file.
• Video recording is not available for devices running Wear OS.
• Some devices might not be able to record at their native display resolution. If you encounter problems with screen recording, try using a lower screen resolution.
• Rotation of the screen during recording is not supported. If the screen does rotate during recording, some of the screen is cut off in the recording.

Table 4. screenrecord options

# Specification for intent arguments

For activity manager commands that take an  intent  argument, you can specify the intent with the following options:

-a action

Specify the intent action, such as  android.intent.action.VIEW . You can declare this only once.

-d data_uri

Specify the intent data URI, such as  content://contacts/people/1 . You can declare this only once.

-t mime_type

Specify the intent MIME type, such as  image/png . You can declare this only once.

-c category

Specify an intent category, such as  android.intent.category.APP_CONTACTS .

-n component

Specify the component name with package name prefix to create an explicit intent, such as  com.example.app/.ExampleActivity .

-f flags

Add flags to the intent, as supported by  [setFlags()](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#setFlags(int)) .

--esn extra_key

Add a null extra. This option is not supported for URI intents.

-e | --es extra_key extra_string_value

Add string data as a key-value pair.

--ez extra_key extra_boolean_value

Add boolean data as a key-value pair.

--ei extra_key extra_int_value

Add integer data as a key-value pair.

--el extra_key extra_long_value

Add long data as a key-value pair.

--ef extra_key extra_float_value

Add float data as a key-value pair.

--eu extra_key extra_uri_value

Add URI data as a key-value pair.

--ecn extra_key extra_component_name_value

Add a component name, which is converted and passed as a  [ComponentName](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/ComponentName)  object.

--eia extra_key extra_int_value[,extra_int_value...]

Add an array of integers.

--ela extra_key extra_long_value[,extra_long_value...]

Add an array of longs.

--efa extra_key extra_float_value[,extra_float_value...]

Add an array of floats.

--grant-read-uri-permission

Include the flag  [FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION) .

--grant-write-uri-permission

Include the flag  [FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION) .

--debug-log-resolution

Include the flag  [FLAG_DEBUG_LOG_RESOLUTION](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_DEBUG_LOG_RESOLUTION) .

--exclude-stopped-packages

Include the flag  [FLAG_EXCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_EXCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES) .

--include-stopped-packages

Include the flag  [FLAG_INCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_INCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES) .

--activity-brought-to-front

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_BROUGHT_TO_FRONT](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_BROUGHT_TO_FRONT) .

--activity-clear-top

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP) .

--activity-clear-when-task-reset

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_WHEN_TASK_RESET](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_WHEN_TASK_RESET) .

--activity-exclude-from-recents

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_EXCLUDE_FROM_RECENTS](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_EXCLUDE_FROM_RECENTS) .

--activity-launched-from-history

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_LAUNCHED_FROM_HISTORY](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_LAUNCHED_FROM_HISTORY) .

--activity-multiple-task

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_MULTIPLE_TASK](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_MULTIPLE_TASK) .

--activity-no-animation

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_ANIMATION](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_ANIMATION) .

--activity-no-history

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_HISTORY](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_HISTORY) .

--activity-no-user-action

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_USER_ACTION](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_USER_ACTION) .

--activity-previous-is-top

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_PREVIOUS_IS_TOP](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_PREVIOUS_IS_TOP) .

--activity-reorder-to-front

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_REORDER_TO_FRONT](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_REORDER_TO_FRONT) .

--activity-reset-task-if-needed

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_RESET_TASK_IF_NEEDED](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_RESET_TASK_IF_NEEDED) .

--activity-single-top

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_SINGLE_TOP](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_SINGLE_TOP) .

--activity-clear-task

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK) .

--activity-task-on-home

Include the flag  [FLAG_ACTIVITY_TASK_ON_HOME](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_TASK_ON_HOME) .

--receiver-registered-only

Include the flag  [FLAG_RECEIVER_REGISTERED_ONLY](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_RECEIVER_REGISTERED_ONLY) .

--receiver-replace-pending

Include the flag  [FLAG_RECEIVER_REPLACE_PENDING](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#FLAG_RECEIVER_REPLACE_PENDING) .

--selector

Requires the use of  -d  and  -t  options to set the intent data and type.